100 Perempuan Populer

Top 100 Women of History - Introduction | How I Selected and Sequenced the List More Women A-Z

Who are the most popular women of history, on the Net? Here's a section of the list of the top 100 in popularity. If the name is underlined, you'll find a biography or article about her.

Are the results what you expected? I had a lot of surprises, myself. If you don't find a favorite, it's likely that I did look her up (I included more than 300 women in my research), but her web popularity, over a number of years, just didn't stack up. Solution? More media exposure, more attention to history standards, more education. 
100. Rachel Carson
Pioneer environmentalist Rachel Carson wrote the book that helped create the environmentalist movement in the late 20th century.
Rachel Carson Biography
99. Isadora Duncan
Isadora Duncan brought modern dance to the world, while living (and dying) with personal tragedy. 
About Isadora Duncan
98. Artemisia
Ruler of Halicarnassus, Artemisia helped Xerxes defeat the Greeks and then helped talk him into abandoning the war against the Greeks.
About Artemisia
97. Martha Graham
Martha Graham was a dancer and choreographer best known as a leader of the modern dance (expressionist) movement, expressing emotion through dance.
About Martha Graham
96. Angela Davis
Her support for revolutionary black activist George Jackson led to her arrest as a conspirator in the abortive attempt to free Jackson from a Marin County, California, courtroom. Angela Davis was acquitted of all charges, and continues to teach and write about feminism, black issues and economics.
About Angela Davis
95. Golda Meir
Golda Meir, a labor activist, Zionist and politician, was the fourth prime minister of the State of Israel and second woman prime minister in the world. The Yom Kippur War, between Arabs and Israelis, was fought during her term as prime minister.
About Golda Meir
94. Elizabeth Blackwell
Elizabeth Blackwell was the first woman in the world to graduate from medical school. Blackwell was also a pioneer in the education of women in medicine.
About Elizabeth Blackwell
93. Gertrude Stein
Gertrude Stein was a writer and associate of many of the 20th century's writers and artists. Her salon in Paris was a center of modern culture. She's known for her stream-of-consciousness style.
About Gertrude Stein
92. Caroline Kennedy
Caroline Kennedy (Schlossberg) is a lawyer and writer, including a 1995 book on privacy. She values her own privacy and that of her family though she's been in the public eye since her father, John F. Kennedy, took office as President in 1961. She served in 2008 as head of the team to select a Vice President for Democratic presidential nominee Barack Obama.
About Caroline Kennedy
91. Margaret Mead
Margaret Mead was an American anthropologist whose groundbreaking work, especially in Samoa in the 1920s, was attacked after her death as faulty. She emphasized cultural evolution and personal observation. 
About Margaret Mead

90. Jane Addams
A pioneer in social work, Jane Addams founded Hull-House in the 19th century and led it well into the 20th. She was also active in peace and feminist work.
About Margaret Mead

Jane Addams Biography
A Detailed Life History 514 Pages of Biographical Content
BookRags.com
89. Lena Horne
The sultry singer began at Harlem's Cotton Club and worked her way into the world's heart as she struggled to overcome the limitations placed on her career by racism.
About Lena Horne
88. Margaret Sanger
After seeing the suffering caused by unwanted and unplanned pregnancies among the poor women she served as a nurse, Margaret Sanger took up a lifetime cause: the availability of birth control information and devices.
About Margaret Sanger
87. Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Elizabeth Cady Stanton was the intellectual leader and strategist of the 19th century's women's rights movement, though her friend and lifelong partner in activism, Susan B. Anthony, was more of a public face to the movement.
About Elizabeth Cady Stanton
86. Erma Bombeck
Erma Bombeck's humor helped document the life of women in the 20th century as wives and mothers in suburban homes.
About Erma Bombeck
85. Calamity Jane
Calamity Jane was one of the best-known women of the American "Wild West." Scandalous enough as a woman who dressed as a man and was infamous for drinking and fighting, she embellished her life story considerably.
About Calamity Jane
84. Charlotte Brontë
Charlotte Brontë was one of three brilliant sisters, writers of the 19th century, each of whom died early. Charlotte's best known work is the novel, Jane Eyre, which drew from her own experience as a student in an inhumane school and as a governess.
About Charlotte Bronë
83. Ida Tarbell
Muckraking journalist Ida Tarbell was one of the few women to succeed in that circle. She exposed the predatory pricing practices of John D. Rockefeller and her articles about his company helped bring the downfall of Standard Oil of New Jersey.
About Ida Tarbell
82. Hypatia
Hypatia is known as the ancient world's most famous woman mathematician, philosopher, and astronomer. Her enemy, Cyril, archbishop of Alexandria, may have called for her death. She was a pagan martyr, torn apart by a mob of Christian monks.
About Hypatia
81. Sacagawea 
Sacagawea [or Sacajawea] guided the Lewis and Clark expedition, not completely of her own volition. In 1999 her image was selected for the United States dollar coin.
About Sacagawea
French novelist of the 20th century, Colette was noted for her unconventional themes and lifestyle.
 
79. Judy Collins
Part of the 1960s folk revival and still popular today, Judy Collins made history by singing in the Chicago 7 conspiracy trial.
About Judy Collins
78. Abigail Adams
Abigail Adams was the wife of the second U.S. president and mother of the sixth. Her intellect and lively wit come alive in her many letters which were preserved.
About Abigail Adams
77. Margaret Thatcher
Margaret Thatcher was the first woman prime minister in Europe. She's also, to this date, the longest-serving British Prime Minister since 1827. Famous (or infamous) for her conservative politics, she also presided over the British re-taking of the Falkland Islands from Argentina.
About Margaret Thatcher
76. Sally Ride
Sally Ride was a nationally ranked tennis player, but she chose physics over sports and ended up the first American woman astronaut in space, a NASA planner, and a science professor.
About Sally Ride
75. Emily Brontë
Emily Brontë was the middle of the three famous novelist and poet sisters of the 19th century, with Charlotte Brontë and Anne Brontë. Emily Brontë is best remembered for her dark and unusual novel, Wuthering Heights. She's also credited as a major influence, in her poetry, on Emily Dickinson.
About Emily Brontë
74. Hatshepsut
Hatshepsut reigned as Pharaoh of Egypt about 3500 years ago, taking on the titles, powers, and ceremonial clothing of a male ruler. Her successor tried to wipe her name and image from history; fortunately for our knowledge of this early woman leader, he did not entirely succeed.
About Hatshepsut
73. Salome
Biblical character Salome is known for asking her stepfather Antipas for the head of John the Baptist, when he offered her a reward for her dancing at his birthday feast. Salome's mother, Herodias, had prearranged for this request with her daughter. Salome's story was adapted into a drama by Oscar Wilde and an opera by Richard Strauss, based on the Wilde drama. Another woman named Salome was present at the crucifixion of Jesus according to the Gospel of Mark.
72. Indira Gandhi
Indira Gandhi was the prime minister of India and a member of a prominent Indian political family. Her father and two of her sons were also Indian prime ministers.
About Indira Gandhi
71. Rosie the Riveter
Rosie the Riveter was a fictional character based on the World War II civilian service on the homefront in the factory of many American women. She has come to represent all the industrial women workers in the war effort. After the war, many "Rosies" once again took up traditional domestic roles as housewives and mothers.
About Rosie the Riveter
69. Mary Queen of Scots
Mary was the Queen of France (as a consort) and Queen of Scotland (in her own right); her marriages caused scandal and her Catholic religion and kinship with England's Queen Elizabeth I caused enough suspicion of her motives that Elizabeth had her executed.
About Mary Queen of Scots
68. Lady Godiva
Did Lady Godiva really ride naked on a horse through the streets of Coventry to protest a tax imposed by her husband?
About Lady Godiva
67. Zora Neale Hurston
Zora Neale Hurston was by profession an anthropologist and folklorist. Her novels, including Their Eyes Were Watching God, have enjoyed a revival in popularity since the 1970s thanks to the efforts of writer Alice Walker.
About Zora Neale Hurston
66. Nikki Giovanni
Nikki Giovanni is an African American woman poet whose early work was influenced by the black power movement and whose later work reflects her experience as a single mother.
65. Mary Cassatt
A rare woman among the Impressionist painters, Mary Cassatt focused often on themes of mothers and children. Her work gained in recognition after her death.
About Mary Cassatt
64. Julia Child
Julia Child is known as the author of Mastering the Art of French Cooking. Her popular books, television cooking shows and videos kept her in the public eye. Less well known: her brief spy career.
63. Barbara Walters
Barbara Walters is an award-winning journalist specializing in interviews. She was, at one time, the highest-paid woman news anchor.
About Barbara Walters
62. Georgia O'Keeffe
Georgia O'Keeffe was an American painter of a unique style. In her later years she moved to New Mexico where she painted many desert scenes. 
61. Annie Oakley
Annie Oakley the sharpshooter performed with Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show, at first with her husband Frank Butler and later as a solo act.
60. Willa Cather
Willa Cather, novelist, documented many periods of American culture, including the settling of the pioneer west.
About Willa Cather
 
59. Josephine Baker
Josephine Baker was an exotic dancer who found fame in Paris, helped with the Nazi resistance, was accused of communist sympathies, worked for racial equality, and died shortly after her 1970s comeback.
About Josephine Baker
58. Janet Reno
Janet Reno was the first woman to hold the office of U.S. Attorney General, she's remembered for her toughness and for several controversies during her tenure.
About Janet Reno
57. Emily Post
Emily Post first published her Etiquette book in 1922, and her family has continued her legacy of flexible, common sense advice on good manners.
About Emily Post
56. Queen Isabella
Queen Isabella: but which Queen Isabella? Perhaps Net searchers were looking for Isabella of Castile, the erudite ruler who helped unite Spain, supported Columbus' voyage, drove the Jews from Spain and instituted the Spanish Inquisition? Were some looking for Isabella of France, queen consort of Edward II of England, who helped arrange his abdication and murder, then ruled with her lover as regent for her son? Or Isabella II of Spain, whose marriage and behavior helped stir up Europe's 19th century political turmoil? Or another Queen Isabella ...?
Which Queen Isabella? 
55. Maria Montessori
Maria Montessori was the first woman to earn a medical degree from the University of Rome, She applied learning methods she developed for mentally retarded children to children with intelligence in the normal range. The Montessori method, still popular today, is child-centered and experience-centered.
About Maria Montessori
54. Katharine Hepburn
Katharine Hepburn, a twentieth century film actress, often played strong women at a time when conventional wisdom said that traditional roles were all that would sell movie tickets.
About Katharine Hepburn
53. Harriet Beecher Stowe
Abraham Lincoln suggested that Harriet Beecher Stowe was the woman who started the Civil War. Her Uncle Tom's Cabin certainly stirred up a lot of anti-slavery sentiment! But she wrote on more subjects than abolitionism.
About Harriet Beecher Stowe
52. Sappho
Ancient Greece's best known poet, Sappho is also known for the company she kept: mostly women. And for writing about her passionate relationships with women. She lived on the island of Lesbos -- is it fair to call her a lesbian?
About Sappho
51. Sojourner Truth
Sojourner Truth was best known as an abolitionist but she was also a preacher and spoke for women's rights. She was one of the most in-demand speakers of the mid-19th century in America.
About Sojourner Truth
50. Catherine the Great
Catherine the Great was the ruler of Russia after she had her husband deposed. She was responsible for the expansion of Russia into Central Europe and to the shores of the Black Sea.
About Catherine the Great


49. Mary Shelley
Mary Shelley, the daughter of Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin, eloped with the poet Percy Shelley, and later wrote the novel Frankenstein as part of a bet with Shelley and his friend George, Lord Byron.
About Mary Shelley
48. Jane Goodall
Jane Goodall observed and documented the life of chimps in the wild from 1970 into the 1990s, and has tirelessly worked for the better treatment of chimpanzees.
About Jane Goodall
47. Coco Chanel 
Coco Chanel was one of the 20th century's best-known fashion designers. Her look helped define the 1920s and the 1950s.
About Coco Chanel 
46. Anais Nin
The diaries of Anais Nin, first published in the 1960s when she was more than 60 years old, frankly discuss her life, her many loves and lovers, and her self-discovery quest.
About Anais Nin
45. Isabel Allende
Isabel Allende, a journalist, fled her country, Chile, when her uncle, the president, was assassinated. After leaving her homeland, she turned to writing novels that look at life -- especially women's lives -- with both mythology and realism.
About Isabel Allende
44. Toni Morrison
Toni Morrison won the 1993 Nobel Prize for Literature, and is known for writing about the black woman's experience.
About Toni Morrison
43. Betsy Ross
Even if Betsy Ross didn't make the first American flag (she may not have, despite the legend), her life and work shed light on the experience of women in colonial and revolutionary America.
About Betsy Ross
42. Marie Antoinette
Marie Antoinette, Queen Consort to Louis XVI of France, was unpopular with the French people, and ultimately was executed during the French Revolution.
About Marie Antoinette
41. Jackie Kennedy
Jackie Kennedy (Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis) first came to public attention as the fashionable and graceful wife of John F. Kennedy, the 35th President of the United States. She served as First Lady from 1961 until her husband's assassination in 1963, and she later married Aristotle Onassis.
About Jackie Kennedy
40. Mata Hari
Mata Hari, one of history's most infamous spies, was executed in 1917 by the French for spying for the Germans. Was she guilty as charged?
About Mata Hari
 
39. Anne Bradstreet
Anne Bradstreet, colonial American woman, was America's first poet. Her experiences and writings allow insight into the experience of the early Puritans in New England.
About Anne Bradstreet
38. Louisa May Alcott
Louisa May Alcott is best known as author of Little Women, and less well known for her service as a Civil War nurse and for her friendship with Ralph Waldo Emerson. 
About Louisa May Alcott
37. Eudora Welty
Eudora Welty, known as a Southern writer, was a 6-time winner of the O. Henry Award for Short Stories. Her many awards include the National Medal for Literature, the American Book Award, and, in 1969, a Pulitzer Prize.
About Eudora Welty
36. Molly Pitcher
Molly Pitcher was the name given in several varying stories about women who fought in the American Revolution. Some of these stories may be based on events that happened to a Mary Hays McCauley, and some may be about a Margaret Corbin.
35. Joan Baez
Joan Baez, part of the 1960s folk revival, is also known for her advocacy of peace and human rights.
About Joan Baez
34. Eva Peron
Senora Maria Eva Duarte de Peron, known as Eva Peron or Evita Peron, was an actress who married Argentian Juan Peron and helped him win the presidency, becoming active in politics and the labor movement herself.
Eva Peron - Index
33. Lizzie Borden
"Lizzie Borden took an axe, and gave her mother forty whacks" -- or did she? Lizzie Borden was accused (and acquitted) of the murders of her father and stepmother.
About Lizzie Borden
32. Michelle Kwan
Michelle Kwan, a champion figure skater, is remembered by many for her Olympic performances, though the gold medal eluded her.
About Michelle Kwan
31. Billie Holiday
Billie Holiday (born Eleanora Fagan and nicknamed Lady Day) was a jazz singer who came from a tough past, and struggled against racial discrimination and her own addictions.
30. Virginia Woolf
Virginia Woolf, a prominent English writer of the early 20th century, wrote "A Room of One's Own," an essay asserting and defending women's creative potential.
 
29. Alice Walker
Alice Walker, African American novelist and author of The Color Purple, as well as activist, depicted sexism, racism, and poverty that was met with the strengths of family, community, self-worth, and spirituality.
About Alice Walker
28. Ayn Rand
Ayn Rand, mother of objectivism, was, in the words of Scott McLemee, "the single most important novelist and philosopher of the 20th century. Or so she admitted with all due modesty, whenever the subject came up." 
About Ayn Rand
27. Clara Barton
Clara Barton, a pioneering nurse who served as an administrator in the Civil War, and who helped identify missing soldiers at the end of the war, is credited as the founder of the American Red Cross.
Clara Barton Biography
26. Jane Fonda
Jane Fonda, an actress who was the daughter of actor Henry Fonda, has been at the center of controversy over her Vietnam-era anti-war activities. She was also central to the fitness craze of the 1970s, and has continued to speak against war.
About Jane Fonda
25. Eleanor Roosevelt
Eleanor Roosevelt, wife of President Franklin D. Roosevelt, was his "eyes and ears" when he could not travel freely due to his disability. Her positions on issues like civil rights were often ahead of her husband and the rest of the country. She was key in establishing the U.N. Declaration of Human Rights.
24. Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony was the best-known of the "first wave" supporters of women's rights. Her long support of woman suffrage helped the movement succeed, though she did not live to see it successful.
About Susan B. Anthony
23. Queen Victoria
Queen Victoria of Great Britain ruled at a time when her nation was a great empire, and her name was given to an entire age.
About Queen Victoria
22. Queen Elizabeth
Which Queen Elizabeth? There's Queen Elizabeth I of England, or her much-later relative, Queen Elizabeth II. Then there's Queen Elizabeth also known as the Winter Queen -- and a whole lot of others.
21. Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale practically invented the profession of nursing, and also brought sanitary conditions to soldiers in wars -- at a time when more soldiers typically died of disease than of injuries in battle.
About Florence Nightingale
20. Pocahontas 
Pocahontas was a real person, not much like the Disney cartoon portrayal of her. Her role in the early English settlement of Virginia was key to survival of the colonists. Did she save John Smith? Maybe, maybe not.
About Pocahontas 
 
19. Amelia Earhart
Amelia Earhart, a pioneer aviator (aviatrix), set many records before her 1937 disappearance during an attempt to fly around the world. As a daring woman, she became an icon when the organized women's movement had virtually disappeared.
About Amelia Earhart
18. Marie Curie
Marie Curie was the first well-known woman scientist in the modern world, and is known as the "mother of modern physics" for her research in radioactivity. She won two Nobel Prizes: for physics (1903) and chemistry (1911).
About Marie Curie
17. Shirley Temple
Shirley Temple Black was a child actress who charmed movie audiences. She later served as an ambassador.
16. Lucille Ball
Lucille Ball is best known for her television shows, but she also appeared in dozens of films, was a Ziegfeld Girl, and was a successful businesswoman -- the first woman to own a film studio.
Lucille Ball Quotes
15. Hillary Clinton
Hillary Clinton, First Lady as wife to President Bill Clinton (1994-2001), was an attorney and reform advocate before moving to the White House. She then made history by being elected to the Senate and running for President herself -- barely missing getting the Democratic nomination in 2008, but celebrating "18 million cracks in the glass ceiling."
Hillary Clinton Quotes
14. Helen Keller
The story of Helen Keller has inspired millions: though she was deaf and blind after a childhood illness, with the support of her teacher, Anne Sullivan, she learned signing and Braille, graduated from Radcliffe, and helped change the world's perception of the disabled.
About Helen Keller
13. Rosa Parks
Rosa Parks is best known for her refusal to move to the back of a bus in Montgomery, Alabama, and her subsequent arrest, which kicked off a bus boycott and accelerated the civil rights movement.
About Rosa Parks
12. Maya Angelou
Maya Angelou, a poet and novelist, is known for her beautiful words and big heart.
Maya Angelou Quotes
11. Harriet Tubman
Harriet Tubman, Underground Railroad conductor during American slavery, was also a Civil War nurse and spy, and an advocate of civil rights and women's rights. 
About Harriet Tubman
10. Frida Kahlo
Frida Kahlo was a Mexican painter whose primitive-like style reflected Mexican folk culture, her own pain and suffering, both physical and emotional. 
Frido Kahlo Quotes
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9. Mother Teresa
Mother Teresa of Calcutta, born in Yugoslavia, decided early in her life that she had a religious vocation to serve the poor. She won the Nobel Peace Prize for her work. 
About Mother Teresa
8. Oprah Winfrey
Oprah Winfrey, talk show host, is also one of America's most successful business people, and a philanthropist. 
About Oprah Winfrey
7. Joan of Arc
Joan of Arc was burned at the stake afer she helped restore the King of France to his throne. She was later canonized. 
About Joan of Arc
6. Emily Dickinson
Emily Dickinson, who published little during her lifetime and was a noted recluse, revolutionized poetry with her verse.
About Emily Dickinson
5. Diana, Princess of Wales
Diana, Princess of Wales -- known as Princess Diane -- captured hearts around the world with her fairy-tale romance, her marital struggles, and then her untimely death.
About Diana, Princess of Wales
4. Anne Frank
Anne Frank, a young Jewish girl in the Netherlands, kept a diary during the time she and her family were hiding from the Nazis. She did not survive her time in a concentration camp, but her diary still speaks of hope in the midst of war and persecution.
About Anne Frank
3. Cleopatra
Cleopatra, the last Pharaoh of Egypt, had infamous liaisons with Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, while trying to keep Egypt out of Rome's clutches. She chose death rather than captivity when she lost this battle.
About Cleopatra
2. Marilyn Monroe
Marilyn Monroe, actress who was discovered while working in a World War II defense plant, epitomized a certain image for women in the 1940s and 1950s.
About Marilyn Monroe
1. Madonna
Madonna: Which one? The singer and sometimes actress -- and very successful self-promoter and businesswoman? The mother of Jesus? The image of Mary and other saintly mothers in medieval paintings? Yes, Madonna is the number one woman of history searched for year after year on the Net -- even if the searches are certainly for more than one woman.
Madonna 
(sumber: http://womenshistory.about.com/od/lists/tp/top_100_women.09.htm)

Di Sulawesi Utara Pada Hari Minggu, 8  Maret 2009 diselenggarakan Peringatan Hari Perempuan Sedunia melalui serangkaian kampanye. Salahsatunya adalah Orasi Budaya yang disampaikan oleh Kamajaya Al Katuuk, di Taman Kesatuan Bangsa Manado.